Understanding the 700c Bicycle Wheel

Understanding the 700c Bicycle Wheel

Bicycle wheels come in various sizes, but 700c wheels are among the most popular and widely used. The term 700c refers to a wheel size in the French sizing system, where 700 stands for the approximate outer diameter of the tire (700 millimeters), and c denotes a particular width category within that diameter. This size is prevalent in road, touring, and cyclocross bikes.

Historical Background

French bicycle manufacturers utilized the metric system, leading to designations like 700c. Earlier, other sizes like 700a, 700b, and 700d existed. Currently, only 700c has survived mainstream use. This wheel size eventually became a standard due to its compatibility with a broad range of bike types and tire choices.

Structure of a 700c Wheel

Rim

The rim forms the outer circular boundary that mounts the tire. Made from lightweight materials like aluminum or carbon fiber, rims can vary in height. Higher rims improve aerodynamics, making them suitable for racing. Lower rims are more robust and absorb road shocks better, ideal for endurance riding.

Hub

The hub is the central part of the wheel, attaching to the fork using an axle. It houses bearings that allow the wheel to spin smoothly. Hubs can have different configurations, such as quick-release or thru-axle systems. They bear the load and facilitate rotational movement.

Spokes

Spokes connect the rim to the hub, maintaining structural integrity. They distribute pressure evenly across the wheel. Commonly made from steel or other alloys, spokes provide balance and strength. Tensioning of spokes affects wheel performance and durability.

Tire Types

Clincher

Clincher tires are the most common and use an inner tube to hold air. Their installation is easy, and they are versatile. They fit into the hooked rim, where the tire bead locks in place when inflated. Ideal for recreational cyclists, they offer a balance of convenience and performance.

Tubular

Tubular tires, or sew-ups, have the inner tube sewn directly inside the casing. They glue onto a specific type of rim. This setup provides excellent performance and is preferred by professional racers. It’s harder to repair and install compared to clinchers.

Tubeless

Tubeless tires eliminate the need for an inner tube, using an airtight rim and tire system. They offer lower rolling resistance and can run at lower pressures without the risk of pinch flats. Installation is slightly complex, but they provide a smoother ride.

Comparing 700c with Other Sizes

Compared to 26-inch wheels, 700c wheels offer better rolling efficiency. They cover more ground per revolution. Mountain bikes typically use smaller wheels for agility, while 700c wheels are favored for speed and stability.

Against 650b (or 27.5-inch), 700c provides a smoother ride over long distances. They possess less rolling resistance but may be slightly less agile. 650b is common in gravel and adventure bikes due to its versatility on varied terrains.

Maintenance Tips for 700c Wheels

Regularly check tire pressure to avoid flats and enhance performance. Inspect the rims for any cracks or dents which can weaken the wheel. Tighten or replace loose spokes to maintain optimal tension. Periodically service the hub bearings to ensure smooth rotation. Keep the rims and spokes clean from dirt and debris for longevity.

Applications and Suitability

700c wheels are ideal for road cycling due to their efficiency on paved surfaces. Their size offers a balance of comfort and speed, making them popular among commuters and long-distance cyclists. Cyclocross racers favor them for their ability to handle mixed terrain efficiently.

Touring bikes commonly use 700c wheels for their capability to carry additional weight. The wheels maintain stability under load, suitable for carrying panniers and extra gear.

Popular 700c Tire Brands

• Continental
• Schwalbe
• Michelin
• Vittoria
• Panaracer

These brands offer a range of tires tailored for various riding conditions. From puncture-resistant options to high-performance racing tires, each brand caters to different cycling needs.